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SENDER
Less technical expression
than “agent,” used to denote the person or subject designated as
the “transmitter” of telepathic information. Compare
Receiver. 
SENSITIVE
A person who
frequently experiences extrasensory perception and who can
sometimes induce it at will. Compare Medium.
SHAMAN
A tribal
medium, witch-doctor, or priest accredited with supernatural
powers as originally exemplified by Siberian tribes. [From the German
Schamane, derived from the Russian shaman, derived from
Tungusic samân]
SHEEP
Term originally
used by Gertrude Schmeidler 1943) to describe a subject who does not
reject the possibility that extrasensory perception could occur
under the conditions of the given experimental situation; this somewhat
narrow meaning has been extended to refer also, tentatively, to persons
who believe that ESP exists as a genuine phenomenon, or even to persons
who obtain high scores on various so-called “projective,” “scalar,” or
“checklist” measures of belief in (and/or experience of) different sorts
of putative psi phenomena. Compare Goat. See also
Sheep-Goat Effect.
SUPER-SHEEP (OR WHITE SHEEP)
Term
introduced by John Beloff and David Bate (1970) to describe a subject
who is sure that their score on a test of extrasensory
perception will be high, by virtue of their own psychic
ability.
SHEEP-GOAT EFFECT
(SGE)
Term first used by Gertrude Schmeidler to describe the
relationship between acceptance of the possibility of extrasensory
perception occurring under the given experimental conditions, and
the level of scoring actually achieved on that ESP test: subjects who do
not reject the possibility (“sheep”) tend to score above chance, those
rejecting the possibility (“goats”) at or below chance; the terms
“sheep” and “goat” are nowadays often used in a more extended sense, and
“sheep-goat effect” may thus refer to any significant scoring difference
between these two groups as defined by the experimenter.
SPONTANEOUS CASE
A
discrete incident of ostensible spontaneous psi.
SUBLIMINAL
Term coined
by Frederic Myers to refer to events occurring beneath the “threshold”
of conscious awareness. [From the Latin sub, “below, under,” +
limen (liminus), “threshold”]
SURVIVAL
Continued
existence of the consciousness of the individual person in some form and
for at least some time after the destruction of their physical body;
life-after-death; not to be considered synonymous with “immortality,”
which implies unending existence. See also Reincarnation; Spirit
Hypothesis.
SYNCHRONICITY
Term
coined by Carl Jung (with Wolfgang Pauli, 1955) to refer to the
occurrence of acausal but meaningful coincidences. [From the
Greek synchronos, derived from synchronizein, “to be
contemporary with,” derived from syn-, “with,” +
chronos, “time”]
TELEPATHY
Term coined by Frederic Myers to refer
to the paranormal acquisition of information concerning the
thoughts, feelings or activity of another conscious being; the word has
superseded earlier expressions such as “thought-transference.” See also
General Extrasensory Perception. [From the Greek ele,
“far away,” + pathein, “to have suffered, been affected by
something”]
LATENT TELEPATHY
An instance of
telepathy in which there seems to be a time lag between the
agent’s attempt to transmit the target, and the
percipient’s awareness of that target.
PRECOGNITIVE
TELEPATHY
The paranormal acquisition of information
concerning the future mental state of another conscious being.
THOUGHTOGRAPHY
See Photography,
Paranormal.
THOUGHT-TRANSFERENCE
See
Telepathy.
TRANCE
A state of
dissociation in which the individual is oblivious to their
situation and surroundings, and in which various forms of
automatism may be expressed; usually exhibited under
hypnotic, mediumistic or shamanistic conditions.
[From the Old French transe, “passage,” ultimately derived from
the Latin transire, “to go across”]
TRANCE PERSONALITY
See
Communicator; Control.
TRANSLIMINALITY
Term
introduced by Michael A. Thalbourne (1991a), meaning literally “the
tendency to cross the threshold into awareness.” Persons exhibiting a
high degree of transliminality are more likely to believe in, and claim
experience of, paranormal phenomena, as well as to report more
magical ideation, a more creative personality, more mystical
experience, greater religiosity and more fantasy-proneness,
as well as a history of experience resembling clinical depression and
mania. Therefore, transliminality is defined as “susceptibility to, and
awareness of, large volumes of imagery, ideation and emotion — these
phenomena being stimulated by subliminal, supraliminal and/or external
inputs.” [From the Latin trans, “across, beyond,” + limen
(liminis), “threshold”]
VERIDICAL
Truthful; corresponding to, or
conveying fact. [From the Latin veridicus, derived from
verum, “truth” + dicere, “to say”]
ZENER CARDS
The original name given
to the ESP cards; named after the perceptual psychologist Karl
Zener, a colleague of Rhine’s, who apparently suggested the symbols to
be used on the cards (circle, cross, square, star, and wavy
lines). |
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